Mobile Genetic Elements of Vibrio cholerae and the Evolution of Its Antimicrobial Resistance

Vibrio cholerae (VC) is the causative agent of severe dehydrating diarrheal disease cholera. The primary treatment for cholera oral rehydration therapy (ORT). However, in case moderate to dehydration, antibiotics are administered reduce morbidity. Due emergence multidrug resistant (MDR) strains VC routinely used fail be effective patients. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) encoded genome bacteria and usually acquired from other organisms cohabiting environment or gut with which it interacts environmental niche. antimicrobial genes (ARGs) borne on mobile genetic elements (MGEs) like plasmids, transposons, integrons SXT constin. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) helps exchange ARGs among leading dissemination AMR. In acquisition loss AMR many have been found a dynamic process. This review describes different determinants mechanisms that discovered VC. These MGEs recovered isolates associated past present epidemics worldwide. responsible common periodically lost gained contributing its evolution. markers can surveillance also presents precise perspective importance microbiome MDR concludes potential source molecular networks manipulated interception future.